Measuring the so-called firing delay for naval guns



L. SCHON. MEASURING THE SO-CALLED FIRING DELAY FOR NAVAL GUNSI APPLICATION FILED IIOV- I9, I920- 1,409,788. Patented Mar. 14, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

ja/rh L Lia w,

L. SCHON.

MEASURING THE SO-CALLED FIRING DE LAY FOR NAVAL GUNS. APPLICATION FAILED NOV. 19, 1920.

1,409,788. Patented Mar.14,1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

LUIDWIG scrron, or ESSEN, GERMANY, AS$iGNOR TO FRIED. KRUPP AKTIENGESELL- SCHAFI, nsssn-on-rnE-nonn, GERMANY.

LEEASURING THE SIG-CALLED FIRING DELAY F6? NAVAL GUNS.

mews-s.

Specification of Letters Potent.

Patented Mar. 14, 192.2.

Application filed November 19, 1826. Serial No. 425,108.

new useful Improvement ii the So-Callel Firing Delo v'ior (for which I have tiled in (terms y, Iloveniher 13, the following is a S DQClhCZL This'inrention relates to measurement of the time the so called firing dehiv in that typ ing' aplmrzrtus intended ior naval gu is hm two circuit closing devices for closinp tiring circuit. and ot which one is adthlc with respect to r. horlmutal tXlF; by

' nd' d means or ii gyroscope rhich is susp h a Cordon suspension. The ohject L invention is to provide an apparatus of tie chore mentioned type which is c istinguished h the tact that the compurz-itircl i large number oil YESHIQlllBtS of time rec uired in order to oht'hn a mean value can he carried out in rapid suc ssion and with the cl'ininqtion of errors or observation. and which also possesses the sdrantoge that the l'QcOlt ot-the several time marks is ett'cctci. on o. small surface and in away which permits of 0. rapid l .ocction thereof.

he invention will he i 1 i'lcscrihed with erencc to the sccompunying ,1 i 'zii'i'.inaticzill construct on 35' hotter of the oiplicntion.

apparatus. :1 side elevation o looking; from the left and Figure 3 diagram of tho connections of the several. wants of the opi'mrzitus.

noierrinp; to Figures 1 2111 .2. icuo-tcs a swine" ig tnhle. carried hf. t s a" and a 'n a mine l3 and is intended tor the rc- (option of the tiring apparatus which is to he tested. The firing HIVQH'L'HILHS C cou- 1 Gordon ring 0 The hori/Jontnlring is mounted to swl pins (3 and 0" in the casing apparatus through which At the ranted. that the axis of the pins rim 0 co- 1131 some time the zipper u rout elci'otizm partially incidcs with the axis of oscillation of hepins 0 and (4 that is to say, with the axis r oscillntion ot the table A. To the pin c of me tordzin ring 0 is clamped l'll'llllT a rod D which is connected hr its free end to on zirni B on the TEIELIHQNB, so that the horizontally set Card: 11 ring 0' cannot move relatively to the frame B when the table A oscillates. (hi the casing of the gvroscopc and on the vertical Cordon ringmount-- ed the two circuit closing devices c and c. which serve to close the firing circuit and the contact of said circuitclosing devices determines the commencement of the period of time to be measured. To the part of the pin a which protrudes from the heat ing is attochcc a long rigid lever the free end of which bears loosely on one end of :1 crank arin 3 having a roller 7 provided for the purpose. The crank arm l which is mount ed on a shsitt 7" rotatably mounted in a fixed circuit closing devices 72. 1 h 72 are 1 w v o't annular shape and are arranged coaxiolly to the A of rotzition or the cronl: own j. z fifi t i i a i L l "I T ((1.1 A PM 0. it ironic A (0115: (MM 1.1 tilt term ot o disc. so that when the crank IHIH 7" rotates they can come into contact. in pairs with the torltcd rubbing contacts 7 and f. Of the circuit closing strips. wo and it are constructed as complete circles and are intenoed to he pcrnninentl conositirc pole of u sourcc nectcd say to the p of :oiiinuous curreit (sec Figure Cl). The two other circuit dosing;- devices h and Ii are constructed in the torhi oi. she t segrnicntol pieces and the co cred h the oil'- cuit closing strip 2? is longer thuntho are covered by the circuit closing strip /1", so that when the crank arm 7" rotates in thedirection indicated hy the arrow :1: (see Fig ures l and 2-3) the ruhling onto ct 7", which rubs upon the circuit closing dew cos 7a and 72 establishes electrical connect-ion between these circuit closing strips sooner than the ruhhing contact f does between the circuit closing strips 725 and 70. i To the circuit closing strip 1? is connected one end of the winding (i (see Figure of a. magnet c which serves to bring the circuit closing tongue a, normally in a position that itcan move past the circuit closing tongue (1 without touching it, into such a position that contact can take place therewith and for this purpose the magnet c, which movable in the direction of its length, and to which the circuit closing tongue 0 is rig'dly attached. by a nonmagnetic intermediate piece (2 is so si'ispended -from a part of the casing C by a spring a that it can be drawn into the winding 0 against the action of the spring as soon as the said winding 0 is trayersed by a current and magnetized thereby. In consequence of this the circuit closing tongue 0 moves into the position shown by dot and dash lines in the drawing and can only come transitorily into contact -with the circuit closing tongue 0 stabilized by the gyroscope, when the table A oscillates. As soon as the winding 0 the other end cl which is electrically connected to the nega tive pole of the source of continuous current is ale-energized, the tongue returns under the action of the spring 0 into the full line position shown in the drawing.

The length of the circuit closing strip it is of such dimensions, that contact takes place with the rubbing contact f during one complete revolution of the shaft 9 of the driving motor G.

The circuit closing strip a is connected by a conductor K (see Figure 3) with a rubbing brush is, which bears on a slip ring 9 mounted on the motor shaft 9*. From here the current passes through the motor shaft 9 to a finger-like auxiliary contact 9' mounted upon and rotating with the motor shaft g and which is at each revolution brought into brief contact with a contact spring M. During this contact th re will therefore, when the circuit closing springs k and 71, are simultaneously in electrical connection with each other by the rubbing contact 7, be electrical connection between the parts h 7, 72/, K, 71 g and M. A condenser P permanently connected to the source J of continuous cur rent through a resistance N, forms the conimencement for the parts 01 the circuit just mentioned, which in addition to the ai'orc said parts also contains the primary winding Q of a sparking coil, the secondary winding Q of which is connected through conductors R and R, with two opposite points 8 and .9 These points 5 and a are carried by a cross piece 6 which is mounted to move longitudinally on a carrier S. The cross piece a is moved by a crank handle 8 and a screw-threaded spindle s. As a result of this arrangement of the apparatus, the condenser P can dis-- charge itself once through the primary winding Q at eachreyolution of the crank arm F, that is to say at each double cillation of the table A and atthe same time produce a current in the secondary winding Q which will cause a spark to pass between the two points a and The arrangement or the said circuit closing derice is so arranged that the instant in which the circuit is closed and therefore the con denser l" discharged through the sparking coil Q, Q coincides with the instant which determines the end of the period 031. time to be measured and in which the table A passes through its horizontal position of oscillation.

Between the points .5 and s is arranged a disc of strong paper T through which light cannot pass and which is mounted on the shaft of the motor (i. This disc is in such a position that it will he pcrtorated when a discharge spark passes between the points 8 and .9

Parallel with the secondary winding Q of the sparking coil Q, Q lies the secondary winding U of a second sparking coil U i. the primary winding U of which is con nected, in a manner similar to the primary winding Q, to a condenser P which is pern'ianently connected through a resistance N to the source J of continuous current. The other end of the primary winding U is electrically connected to the circuit closing tongue 0 on the Cardan ring 0, while the circuit closing tongue 0 mounted on the casing of the firing apparatus, is connected directly to the positive pole of the source of continuous current J. discharge of the condenser P through the sparking coil U, U and the points a, s" can therefore take place every time the two circuit closing tongues c and a come into contact with each other. In order that such contact of the circuit closing tongues c and 0 can take place, the magnet 0 must be energized at the instant in which the circuit closing strips 0 and 0* are opposite each other when the table oscillates, by a current which flows during the contact of the rubbing contact 7' with the two circuit closing strips 7L 7L2, so that the magnet core 0 is drawn into the winding 0 and the tongue 0 moves into the position. shown by dot and dash lines.

Both the beginning well as the end of the period of time to be measured, which lasts from the contact of the two circuit closing tongues c and o up to the passing of the table A, which carries the firing apparatus C, through the horizontal position of. oscillation, will be recorded by a perforation on the paper disc T.

From the diagram of the connections see Figure 3) it can also be seen that the continuous current motor 0 which serves to drive the g 'roscope c is a series motor connected to the source of current J, through a fixed resistance V and a switch W take place with the same frequency as he tore, but with a different amplituoe and therefore also at a different speed when the table A passes through the horizontal rolling position. In this way it can be determined what influence the magnitude of the speed cl rolling has on the duration oi t re period of time which is to be measured.

Cl a i ms.

1. An apparatus of the class described for memairine, the time corresponding to the socalled firing delay in firingapparatus for naval guns, comprising a firing; apparatus embodying a casing carrying one circuit closing device and a cyroscopic apparatus suspended by a Cardan suspension carrying a second circuit closing device, a swinging tahlc upon which said firing apparatus is siupported, the axis of oscillation oi? which coincides with the axis of oscillation of one Cardan ring of the Cardan suspension, means for securing said Cardan ring: in a horizontal position, means for imparting a periodic oscillation to said table, a recording; apparatus embodying a disc and a pair 0t sparking points, a circuit including sparking" coils for electrically connecting the sparking points to the circuit closing devices ot the firing apparatus, contact of said circuit closingdevices causing said recording means to function and means operatahle by the table oscillating means and included in said circuit for causing" the sparking points to function when the table passes through its horizontal position.

2. An apparatus of the class described for measuring the time corresponding to the so-called firing delay in firing apparatus for naval guns, comprising a firing apparatus embodying a casing carrying one :ircuit closing device and a gyroscopic apparatus suspended by a Cardan suspension carrying a second circuit closing device, a swinging table upon which said firing apparatus is supported, the axis of oscillation of which coincides with the axis of oscillation of one Cardan ring of the Cardan suspension, means for securing said Cardan ring in a horizontal position, a constantly driven motor, acrank arm rotated by said motor, a lever projecting from said table and engaging said crank arm for imparting to said table a periodic oscillation, a recording apparatus embodying a disc and a pair of sparking points, a circuit including sparking coils for electrically connecting the sparking points oi the circuit closing devices of the firing apparatus, contact of said circuit closing devices causing said recording means to function and means operatable by the table oscillating means included in said circuit for causing the sparking points to function when the table passes through its horizontal position.

3. An apparatus of the class described for nuaisuriup the time correspoiulii1;; to the so-called firing; delay in firing apparatus for naval guns comprising a firing apparatus einled ing" a casino carr'yii'ig,- one circuit clos'eing device and a gyroscopic apparatus suspended by a Gardan suspension carrving a second circuit closing); device, a

i 3 table upon which said firing: apparatus is supported, the axis of oscillation of which coincides with the axis oil. oscillation of one Cardan ring 01"" the Cardan suspension, means for securing said Cardan ring in a horizontal position, means for im- 'rrrting a periodic oscillation to said table, a recording ap nnratus (Hill'l})l'lSllll a disc connected to and rotated by the tahlo oscillating" means a pair of spai my; points disposed on either side of said disc, said s .u1i'l lug poi s lying in the secondary circuit of a marking coil, a contact amiaratus clcctrio-ally connected to said sparking points and adapted to close the primary circuit of said. sparking" coil whei'i the table passes through its horizontal position oi oscillation.

2. An apparatus of the class described for measuring the time corresponding to the FO-C'ZhllGd firing delay in firing apparatus for naval uns con'iprisi,. g a firing apparatus embodying a casing carrying one circuit closing service and a gyroscopic apparatus suspended by a (lardan suspension carrylug); a secon' circuit closing device, a swingtable upon which said firing apparatus v tcd, the axis of oscillation of which ot' the (iardan suspension, securing said (lardan ring in a n'tal position, means for imparting a t io oscillatio or said disc, said sparking points lying side in the secondary circuit of. a sparking coil, a contact apparatus electrically connected 0 said sparking points and. adapted to close he prnnary circuit 'of said sparking coil when the table passes through its horizontal P ion of oscillation, said cont-act apparatusembodying two points at which the MQlllt is closed said points being disposed one behind the othe the circuit remaining closed momentarily only at one oi? said. points.

An apparatus oi the class def lcribed 'l'or measuring the time cm'rcspondin; to the socalled firing delay in firing apparatus (or naval guns comprising a firing L1i)l)2lllitll$ embodying; a casing); carrying one circuit closing device and a gyroscopic apparatus suspended by a Cardan suspension carrying a second. circuit closing device, a swinging table upon which said firing apparatus supportcd, the axis of oscillation o't which coincides with the axis of oscillation of one Car-clan ring or the (larean suspension, means for securing said Cardau ring in a horizontal position, merns tor impart ng periodic oscillation to said table, a recording apparatus comprising a disc, a pair of sparking points disposed on either side of said disc, a sparking coil provided with a primary and secondary winding, the secondary winding of whiah is in circuit with said sparking points, a second sparking coil pr: vided with a primary and secondary winding, the primary winding of said second sparking coil being connected in circuit with said circuit closing devices, the secondary winding of said second sparking coil being connected up in parallel with the secondary winding of said first mentioned sparking coil and a contact apparatus eiec cally connected to said sparking coils and adapted to close the primary circuit of said first mentioned sparking coil when the taole passes through its horizontal position of oscillation.

6. An apparatus of the class described "for measuring the time corresponding to the so called firing delay in firing a, paratus for naval guns comprisinga firing apparatus embodying a casing carrying one circuit closing device and a gyroscopic apparatus suspended by a Cardan suspension carrying a second circuit closing device, a swinging table upon which said firing apparatus is supported, the axis of oscillation oi which coincides with the axis of oscillation of one Cardan ring of the Cardan suspension, means for securing said Cardan ring in a horizontal position, means for imparting a periodic oscillation to said table, a recording apparatus embodying a disc and a pair of sparking points, means for mounting said sparking points to allow radial adjustment of the same relative to said disc, a circuit including sparking coils for electrically connecting the sparking points to the circuit c osing devices of thefiring a; ratns, contact oi? said circ .it closing deuces causing saic record'ng means to function and means operatable by the table oscillating means included in said circuit for causing the sparking points to function when the table passes through its horizontal position.

7. An apparatus of the class described for measuring the time corresponding to the socalled firing delay in firing apparatus for naval guns comprising a firing pparatus embodying a casing carrying one circuit closing device and a gyroscopic apiaratus suspended by a Garden suspension carrying a second circuit closing device, a swinging table upon which said firing apparatus is supported, the axis of oscillation of which coincides with the axis of oscillation of one Cardan ring oi the (lardan suspension,

means for securing said Card-an ring in horizontal position, means tor imparting periodic oscillation to said table, a recording apparatus comprising a disc, a pair of spark ing points disposed on either side of said disc, a sparking coil provided with a priand secondary winding, the secondary winding of which is in circuit with said spar :ing points, second sparking coil provided with a primary and secondary wind ing, the primary winding of said second sparking coil being connected in circuit with said circuit closing devices, the secondary winding of said second sparking coil being connected up in parallel with the secondary winding of said first mentioned sparking coil and a contact apparatus electrically connected to said sparking coils and adapted to close the primary circuit oi said first mentioned sparking coil when the table passes through its horizontal position of oscillation, a condenser electrically connected with the riinary winding of each of said sparking coils and a resistance interposed between each condenser and a source of continuous current to which each condenser is connected.

8. An apparatus ot the class described for measuring the time corresponding to the so-called firing delay in firing apparatus -for naval guns comprising a fining RPPS ratns embodying a casing carrying one circuit closing device and a gyroscopic apparatus suspended by a Cardan suspension carrying a second circuit closing device, a swinging table upon which said firing apparatus is supported, the axis of oscillation of which coincides with the axis of oscillation of one Cardan ring of the Ctldtlh suspension, means t'r'or securing said Cardan ring in a horizontal position, a constantly driven motor, a change speed gear interposed between said motor and said table whereby the law of oscillation which determines the movement of said table may be changed while the number of revolutions of said motor remains constant, a recording apparatus embodying a disc and a pair of sparking points, a circuit including sparkcoils for electrically connecting the i 9; apparatus, contact of said circuit osing devices causing said recording means LO function and means operatable by the table oscillating means included in said circuit for causing the sparking points to function when the table passes through its horizontal position.

9. An arrangement of the class desc ibed comprising the combination with a firing apparatus provided with two circuit-closing devices, of which one is controlled by a gyroscope of a swinging table for carry ing the firing apparatus, means for oscillating said table, a recording apparatus, a circuit including said circuit-closing device and said recording apparatus and embodying means for operating the. recording apparatus when the table passes through its horizontal position.

10. An arrangement of the class described comprising the combination with a swinging table adapted to support a firing apparatus ior naval guns, which firing apparatus is provided with two circuit-closing devices for closing the firing circuit, of means for oscillating said table a recording apparatus, an additional circuit-closing device operating with the table oscillating means, an electric circuit including the first mentioned circuit-closing devices, the recording apparatus and the additional circuit-closing devices whereby the contact of the first mentioned circuit closing-devices may be indicated by the recording apparatus and the time at which the table passes through its horizontal position subsequently indicated by the recording apparatus.

11,. An apparatus for the measurement or time corresponding to the so-called firing delay in firing-apparatus for naval guns which comprises in C(Hlll'lllliltlOll with a liring apparatus embodying two circuit-closing devices for closing the firing circuit, one of which is stabilized by a gyroscope, a swinging table for supporting the firing apparatus, means for imparting a periodic oscillation to the table a recording apparatus comprising a rotating disc with a pair 01? radially movable sparking points, a circuit including sparking coils "for electrically connecting the sparking points to the circuit closing devices of the firing apparatus and means operable by the table oscillating means and included in said circuit for cansiug the sparking points to function when the table passes through its horizontal position.

The foregoing specification signed at Essen, Germany, this 28th day of June,

' LUDlVlG SCHON. In presence ol IIANS GOTTSMANN, CARL h tinnnn. 

